android-design — pick the track first
Android has multiple stacks with different visual ceilings. Ask the user which one before any code.
What This Skill Can Do
- Choose the right Android track: strict Compose/Material, branded Compose, React Native, Flutter, or Compose Multiplatform.
- Design mobile task flows, onboarding, forms, settings, dashboards, media/product surfaces, foldables, tablets, and adaptive layouts.
- Preserve UX briefs, state coverage, navigation hierarchy, gesture/back behavior, loading/error/permission states, and accessibility.
- Apply Material 3 Expressive, dynamic color, edge-to-edge, predictive back, motion schemes, shape, typography, and responsive window-size classes.
- Add branded originality through content surfaces, composition, typography, and state treatment without breaking Android idioms.
Step 0 (MANDATORY) — Ask the user which track
Which track for this app?
1. System-like native (Jetpack Compose + Material 3 Expressive strict) — feels like Pixel Launcher, Google Calendar, Settings. Best for: utilities, system tools, productivity. Spring physics, shape morphing, wavy progress, dynamic color (Material You). Examples: Read You, Androidify sample, Files by Google.
2. Branded native (Compose + custom Material theme) — native chrome (M3E motion, predictive back, edge-to-edge) but bespoke content surface (custom typography, hero atmospheres, magazine layouts). Visual ceiling: high. Examples: Fitbit redesign, Google Calendar's editorial moments, Niantic apps.
3. React Native (New Architecture + Fabric + Hermes) — real Android views, decent native feel, JavaScript codebase, cross-platform with iOS. Material themable but won't get spring physics or shape morphing without manual work. Examples: Discord mobile, Coinbase, Microsoft Office.
4. Flutter — Skia-painted custom rendering. Cross-platform single codebase. Lags Material updates (no M3 Expressive parity, no real dynamic color). Visual ceiling: high if you ship your own design language; weak if mimicking Material. Examples: Google Pay, BMW My BMW, Toyota.
5. Compose Multiplatform (1.8+) — same Compose code, runs Android + iOS + Desktop + Web (Wasm experimental). Native on Android, Material-look on iOS (you must Cupertino-skin or accept). Best for: Kotlin shop wanting cross-platform from one codebase.
Which? Or describe priorities (Play Store launch, cross-platform reach, brand vs Material fit) and I'll pick.
If brief gives strong signal (e.g. "Pixel-style camera" → 1; "cross-platform with React team" → 3; "Kotlin shop, ship to all platforms" → 5), state your pick + reasoning in one sentence. If ambiguous, ask.
Step 0b — Once picked, route
| Track | Reference docs | Default stack |
|---|---|---|
| 1. System-like Compose | ../../references/material3-expressive.md |
Compose BOM 2026.04 + Material3 1.4 + adaptive layouts strict |
| 2. Branded Compose | Same as 1 | Same as 1 + custom display font + hero atmospheres + bespoke surfaces |
| 3. React Native | ../../references/web-fonts.md + cross-platform docs |
RN 0.78+ New Arch + Expo Router |
| 4. Flutter | None for native fidelity | Flutter 3+ stable |
| 5. Compose Multiplatform | ../../references/material3-expressive.md |
CMP 1.8 stable + shared Compose |
For tracks 3 and 4: web/cross-platform anti-slop rules apply. Read web references.
State the chosen aesthetic direction and track in one sentence at top of response.
Step 0c — UI decision brief
Before code, read:
../../references/ui-patterns/surface-taxonomy.md../../references/ui-patterns/ui-decision-brief.md../../references/ui-patterns/visual-hierarchy.md../../references/ui-patterns/motion-budget.md
Write the UI decision brief and adapt it to the chosen Android track. Compact screens need thumb-reachable primary actions, sheets, edge-to-edge, and adaptive navigation; tablets/foldables need list-detail or supporting panes; operational tools should stay dense and scannable while preserving Material 3 Expressive motion, dynamic color, and predictive back.
Step 1 — Material 3 Expressive default (only if track 1 or 2)
Launched at I/O 2025. Default for Pixel 10 / Android 16 QPR1. Generated UI must adopt:
- Spring physics on every motion —
MotionScheme.expressive(). NeverFastOutSlowInon M3E surfaces. - Shape morphing — 35 new shapes (squircle, pill, cookie, clover). Use
MaterialShapes.Cookie4Sided,Pill, etc. Buttons/chips/loaders morph between states. - Emphasized typography — bigger, heavier headlines. Use
MaterialTheme.typography.displayLargewith intent. - New components:
FloatingToolbar(pill-shaped, drifts with content)ButtonGroup/SplitButtonFloatingActionButtonMenuContainedLoadingIndicator(cycles through M3E shapes)- Wavy progress —
LinearWavyProgressIndicator,CircularWavyProgressIndicatorwith variable amplitude - Large/Small/XL button sizes
- Tonal elevation — surface tone shifts, never
Modifier.shadow()for elevation - Dynamic color (Material You) —
dynamicColorScheme()from wallpaper on Android 12+
Read ../../references/material3-expressive.md for the M3E adoption checklist.
Step 2 — Compose currency (BOM 2026.04.01)
implementation(platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2026.04.01"))
implementation("androidx.compose.material3:material3:1.4.0")
// or for shape-morphing chips:
implementation("androidx.compose.material3:material3:1.5.0-alpha18")
Use:
currentWindowAdaptiveInfo()+NavigationSuiteScaffold(auto-swaps Bar/Rail/Drawer by WindowSizeClass)ListDetailPaneScaffold,SupportingPaneScaffold,NavigableListDetailPaneScaffoldSharedTransitionLayout { ... }for shared element transitions (stable)PredictiveBackHandler/BackHandler— mandatory on Android 16, default ON Android 15+LookaheadAnimationVisualDebuggingfor inspecting bounds during dev
Step 3 — Edge-to-edge is mandatory
Android 16 (API 36) deprecated windowOptOutEdgeToEdgeEnforcement. Every screen:
- Wraps in
Scaffoldwith content padding from insets - Uses
WindowInsets.systemBars,.statusBars,.navigationBars - Predictive back must be wired
- Status bar color cannot be set opaque — banned on Android 16
Step 4 — Adaptive layouts
- Compact (phone portrait) →
NavigationBar(3–5 items) - Medium (foldable inner / tablet portrait) →
NavigationRail - Expanded (tablet landscape / desktop) →
NavigationDrawer(modal or permanent) +ListDetailPaneScaffold - Foldables: handle tabletop / book postures via
WindowInfoTracker
Step 5 — Typography & icons
- Default body: Roboto Flex (variable). Headlines: per-app brand expression — but stay within M3E weight/size scale.
- Material Symbols (variable axes: weight, fill, grade, optical size) — never FontAwesome/Lucide.
- Get Material Symbols from https://fonts.google.com/icons
Step 6 — Anti-slop ban list (Android-specific)
- iOS-style top nav bars / chevron-back headers
- Hamburger drawer when
NavigationBar(3–5 items) orNavigationRailfits - Hard
Modifier.shadow(elevation = 8.dp)— usetonalElevationonSurfaceinstead - Custom back stacks ignoring system back / predictive animation
- Opaque colored status bars — banned on Android 16
- Bottom sheets without drag handle / non-draggable
- Static easing curves on M3E surfaces —
MotionScheme.expressive()only - SF Symbols / Material Symbols-Outlined-only (use variable axes)
- Inter / SF Pro on Android — Roboto Flex / Google Sans / Material default
- Centered FAB layouts where docked FAB pattern is canonical
- Standard Material 3 baseline 2023 — must be M3 Expressive
- Web-style desktop dashboards squeezed into mobile Compose
- Decorative motion that hides progress, state, or navigation changes
Step 7 — Reference apps that nail M3 Expressive
- Pixel Launcher / Android 16 System UI — shape morph + springs
- Google Calendar — floating toolbar + tonal surfaces
- Fitbit (2025 redesign) —
ContainedLoadingIndicatorcycling shapes; floating toolbar - Pixel Camera 10.1 — wavy progress in capture
- Google Docs/Sheets/Slides homepages — M3E typography
- Chrome (M3E redesign) — adaptive nav
- Read You (community RSS, OSS) — canonical M3 + dynamic color
- Androidify sample app — official Compose M3E reference
Step 8 — Architecture defaults
- MVVM with
ViewModel+StateFlow+collectAsStateWithLifecycle() - Hilt for DI
- Navigation Compose 3 with type-safe routes
- Coil 3 for image loading (replaces Glide for Compose-first apps)
- Ktor or Retrofit + KotlinX Serialization for networking
- Room for local persistence
Step 9 — Tokens & assets
- M3 token spec: https://m3.material.io/foundations/design-tokens/how-to-use-tokens
- Theme Builder (web): https://m3.material.io/theme-builder
- Theme Builder Figma plugin: https://www.figma.com/community/plugin/1034969338659738588
- M3 Figma kit: https://www.figma.com/community/file/1035203688168086460
- Material Symbols: https://fonts.google.com/icons
- M3E component catalog: https://github.com/meticha/material-3-expressive-catalog
Token JSON: see ../../assets/tokens/material3-expressive.json